Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words

16-09-2021 by

Vocabulary of the Greek Testament:
Student Edition (VGNTS)

Greek to hebrew and hebrew to greek dictionary of septuagint words in the bible

Oct 17, 2010 Hebrew equivalent of Greek words? - posted in General Accordance Topics: A month or so ago my Pastor preached on James 4:7 'Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.' He went in depth into the Greek and in particular the word 'hupotasso'. It made me interested in knowing if the word 'subject' in 1 Peter 3:1 was the same Greek word - 'Likewise, wives, be. Hebrew to Greek Dictionary of Septuagint Words (HebrewGreek) This lexicon contains Hebrew words found in the OT which are coded to Strong's and also contains equivalent Greek words which have translated these Hebrew words in the Septuagint. Greek to Hebrew Dictionary of Septuagint Words This lexicon contains Hebrew words found in the OT which are coded to Strong's and also contains equivalent Greek words which have translated these Hebrew words in the Septuagint. These Greek words are also found in the NT and are coded to Strong's. I would like to know which Hebrew words are translated into the Greek Septuagint by the Greek word ἀρχή. Here is the entry for ἀρχή in A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: American Book, 1889) by Joseph Henry Thayer.

by

Allan T. Loder

‘Vocabulary of theGreek Testament: Student Edition’ is an update/revision of Moulton’s andMilligan’s ‘VGNT’ published 1924-1930. It is based on the 1929 printedition — which is now in the public domain — along with some supplemental material from the 1930 edition. However, it isnot merely an electronic reproduction of Moulton’s and Milligan’s book.While every attempt has been made to remain true to the original content ofVGNT, the VGNTS is an major update/revision designed to make Moulton’s andMilligan’s valuable resource more accessible to a wider English-speakingaudience — especially those whose knowledge of the Biblical languages is very basic, “rusty,” or non-existent.

A reading of theprint version of VGNT suggests that the original authors, Moulton and Milligan,presupposed that their intended audience would have a high level of understanding of the Greek language. Hopefully, theenhancements in the VGNTS version will help fill the gap for those whoseknowledge is somewhat less than they anticipated.

Moulton’s and Milligan’spurpose for publishing the ‘The Vocabulary of the Greek Testament’ was todemonstrate that the language of the Greek New Testament was the common (Κοινή, Koinē) language used by ‘peopleon the street.’ The source documents used aremostly papyri and inscriptions that were discovered in the 1800s and early1900s. These include such items as personal letters, court transcripts,marriage contracts, bills of sale, petitions, etc. These give us a facinatinglook into the daily lives of those who lived around the time when the NewTestament was written. The purpose of the ‘Vocabulary of the Greek Testament:Student Edition’ remains the same as that of Moulton and Milligan, except now with the enhancements it is more accessible to a much wider audience.

The followingenhancements have been made:

Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words Generator

a. Eachlexical entry is keyed to Strong’s numbers.This creates a hyperlink between this dictionary module and any Bible modulewith Greek text in theWord that is keyed to Strong’s. In cases where there is no corresponding Strong’snumber, the Greek word is listed in the index. In cases where the lexical formis different in VGNT than in Strong’s, the Strong’s form appearsafter the VGNT form inside brackets with a tilde at the beginning. Forexample, αἱμορροέω(~ αἱμορῥέω).

b. For each lexical entry theGreek wordis given, followed by a transliteration, the [page number] where the word occurs in the printedition, an asterisk(*) to indicate the entry has been updated/revised, and a gloss. For example, ἀγάπη[page 2]* [agapē, “love”].

c. Allinternal cross-references to VGNT other entries have been hyperlinked. Forexample, in the body of the text of G154αἰτέωyou will see s.v.ἐρωτάω[erōtaō, “to ask”].This word is hyperlinked to G2065ἐρωτάω. Thereare over 500 such cross-references provided, thus making this module moreuseful and user-friendly.

d. Inline English translations are provided for all Greek text, as well as formost Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac, Latin, French and German text. A transliteration of some text is also provided, wheredeemed helpful.

e.Inall translations of Greek text, the corresponding word for the lexical entry isunderlined in both the Greek sentence and English translation. The intent tohelp the English reader understand how that word functions in the sentence.

f.All papyri and inscriptions cited by Moulton and Milligan were carefullychecked against available print and/or electronic sources. In some cases, latereditions (i.e., transcriptions) of certain papyri have become available thathave been emended by the editors differently than what is shown in VGNT. These arenoted in the footnotes, along with the later transcriptions.

g. Over460 new lexical entries are added as a result of papyri and inscriptionsdiscovered in the decades since Moulton and Milligan.

h. Newsource materials are added to existing lexical entries, where available anddeemed helpful.

i. Pertinent information, such as units of measure, currency, names of Egyptianmonths, official titles, etc., is provided and hyperlinked.

j. Incases where references to the LXX (Septuagint) are given, the text of the LXXand an English translation is provided in the footnote. In addition, theparallel Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) reference is hyperlinked to the biblicaltext. Both references are given. For example,LXX Psa. 90:1[=MT Psa. 91:1].

l. TheVGNTS includes exerts from books cited in the print edition of VGNT which isnow either out of print, no longer available, or very hard to find.Occasionally, Moulton and Milligan redirects the reader elsewhere, withoutproviding any additional information themselves on a particular word. Forexample, for the entry Κανά (Kana, “Cana”) theyhave only “See F. C. Burkitt Syriac Forms,pp. 18f., 22.” In the VGNTS the information fromthose source cited is incorporated into the lexical entry where deemed helpful(See entry G2580).

m. Incases where the discussion on the particular form of a word centers around NTtext-critical issues, relevant information is provided in the footnotes.

n. Unfortunately, one of the greatest challenges for the student of papyrology andepigraphy is that sources are frequently listed under more that one catalogueidentifier. For example Syll 364 is no. 364 of the second edition ofDittenberger’s Sylloge InscriptionumGraecarum. But it is also listed as Syll.3797, and again as IMT SuedlTroas 573. This can be confusing andfrustrating when attempting to look up a given source. This enhanced versionof VGNT addresses this challenge by providing several additional catalogueidentifiers inside square brackets. For example, Syll 364[=Syll.3 797 = IMTSuedlTroas 573].

'Hallelujah' (hllw yh) in Hebrew script
French manuscript of Psalm 149; the words 'Hallelu-Yah' are visible next to the pointing man's face.

Hallelujah (/ˌhælɪˈluːjə/HAL-i-LOO-yə) is an interjection. It is a transliteration of the Hebrew phrase הַלְלוּ יָהּ‎ (Modern Hebrewhallūyāh, Tiberianhaləlūyāh), which is composed of two elements: הַלְלוּ‎ (second-person imperative masculine plural form of the Hebrew verb hillel: an exhortation to 'praise' addressed to several people[1]) and יָהּ‎ (the name of God Yah).[2][3][4]The term is used 24 times in the Hebrew Bible (in the book of Psalms), twice in deuterocanonical books, and four times in the Christian Book of Revelation.[5]

The phrase is used in Judaism as part of the Hallel prayers, and in Christian prayer,[5] where since the earliest times[6] it is used in various ways in liturgies,[7] especially those of the Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church,[8] both of which use the form 'alleluia' which is based on the alternative Greek transliteration.

In the Bible[edit]

הַלְלוּיָהּ is found in 24 verses in the Book of Psalms[9] (104–106, 111–117, 135, 145–150), but twice in Psalm 150:6. It starts and concludes a number of Psalms.

The Greek transliteration ἀλληλούϊα (allēlouia) appears in the Septuagint version of these Psalms, in Tobit 13:17 and 3 Maccabees 7:13, and four times inRevelation 19:1–6, the great song of praise to God for his triumph over the Whore of Babylon.[5][6] It is this usage that Charles Jennens extracted for the Hallelujah Chorus in Handel's Messiah. This transliteration is the basis of the alternative English transliteration of 'Alleluia' that is also used by Christians.

Interpretation[edit]

Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words In The Bible

In the Hebrew Biblehallelujah is actually a two-word phrase, not one word. The first part, hallelu, is the second-person imperative masculine plural form of the Hebrew verb hillel.[1] However, 'hallelujah' means more than simply 'praise Jah' or 'praise Yah', as the word hallel in Hebrew means a joyous praise in song, to boast in God.[10][11]

The second part, Yah, is a shortened form of YHWH, the name for the Creator.[5] The name ceased to be pronounced in Second Temple Judaism, by the 3rd century BC due to religious beliefs.[12] The correct pronunciation is not known, however, it is sometimes rendered by Christians as 'Yahweh' or 'Jehovah'. The Septuagint translates Yah as Kyrios (the LORD), because of the Jewish custom of replacing the sacred name with 'Adonai', meaning 'the Lord'.

In Psalm 150:6 the Hebrew reads kol han'shamah t'hallel yah halelu-yah;[13] the first 'hallel' and 'yah' in this verse are two separate words, and the word 'yah' is translated as 'the LORD', or 'YHWH'. In Psalm 148:1 the Hebrew says 'הללו יה halelu yah'. It then says 'halelu eth-YHWH' as if using 'yah' and 'YHWH' interchangeably. The word 'Yah' appears by itself as a divine name in poetry about 49 times in the Hebrew Bible (including halelu yah), such as in Psalm 68:4–5 'who rides upon the skies by his name Yah' and Exodus 15:2'Yah is my strength and song'. It also often appears at the end of Israelite theophoric names such as Isaiah'yeshayah(u), Yahweh is salvation' and Jeremiah'yirmeyah(u), Yahweh is exalted'.[5]

The word hallelujah occurring in the Psalms is therefore a request for a congregation to join in praise toward God. It can be translated as 'Praise Yah' or 'Praise Jah, you people'.[2][7][14]

Most well-known English versions of the Hebrew Bible translate the Hebrew 'Hallelujah' (as at Psalm 150:1) as two Hebrew words, generally rendered as 'Let us praise' and 'the LORD', but the second word is given as 'Yah' in the Lexham English Bible and Young's Literal Translation, 'Jah' in the New World Translation, 'Jehovah' in the American Standard Version, and 'Hashem' in the Artscroll Tanach (Orthodox Jewish). Instead of a translation, the transliteration 'Hallelujah' is used by JPS Tanakh, International Standard Version, Darby Translation, God's Word Translation, Holman Christian Standard Bible, and The Message, with the spelling 'Halleluyah' appearing in the Complete Jewish Bible. The Greek-influenced form 'Alleluia' appears in Wycliffe's Bible, the Knox Version and the New Jerusalem Bible.

In the great song of praise to God for his triumph over the Whore of Babylon[5] in chapter 19 of the New Testamentbook of Revelation, the Greek word ἀλληλούϊα (allēluia), a transliteration of the same Hebrew word, appears four times, as an expression of praise rather than an exhortation to praise.[6] In English translations this is mostly rendered as 'Hallelujah',[15] but as 'Alleluia' in several translations,[16] while a few have 'Praise the Lord',[17] 'Praise God',[18] 'Praise our God',[19] or 'Thanks to our God'.[20]

The linguist Ghil'ad Zuckermann argues that the word Hallelujah is usually not replaced by a praise God! translation due to the belief in iconicity: the perception that there is something intrinsic about the relationship between the sound of the word and its meaning.[21]:62

Usage by Jews[edit]

The word 'hallelujah' is sung as part of the Hallel Psalms (interspersed between Psalms 113–150).[22] In Tractate Shabbat of the Talmud, Rabbi Yose is quoted as saying that the Pesukei dezimra Psalms should be recited daily.[23] Psalms 145-150, also known as the Hallel of pesukei dezimra, are included to fulfill this requirement in the liturgy for the traditional Jewish Shacharit (morning) service.[24] In addition, on the three Pilgrimage Festivals, the new moon and Hanukkah, Psalms 113-118 are recited.[25] The latter psalms are known simply as Hallel with no additional qualification.

Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words Pronunciation

Psalms 146:10, ending with Halleluja, is the third and final biblical quotation in the Kedushah. This expanded version of the third blessing in the Amidah is said during the Shacharit and Mincha (morning and afternoon) services when there is a minyan present.[26]

Usage by Christians[edit]

Christian Mass, singing Hallelujah

For most Christians, 'Hallelujah' is considered a joyful word of praise to God, rather than an injunction to praise him. 'The Alleluia' refers to a traditional chant, combining the word with verses from the Psalms or other scripture. In the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, and in many older Protestant denominations, the Alleluia, along with the Gloria in excelsis Deo, is not spoken or sung in liturgy during the season of Lent, instead being replaced by a Lenten acclamation, while in Eastern Churches, Alleluia is chanted throughout Lent at the beginning of the Matins service, replacing the Theos Kyrios, which is considered more joyful. At the Easter service and throughout the Pentecostarion, Christos anesti is used in the place where Hallelujah is chanted in the western rite expressing happiness.

Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words With Friends

In contemporary worship among many Protestants, expressions of 'Hallelujah' and 'Praise the Lord' are acceptable spontaneous expressions of joy, thanksgiving and praise towards God, requiring no specific prompting or call or direction from those leading times of praise and singing.[27]

Usage in informal language[edit]

In modern English, 'Hallelujah' is frequently spoken to express happiness that a thing hoped or waited for has happened.[28] An example is its use in the song 'Get Happy'.

Greek To Hebrew And Hebrew To Greek Dictionary Of Septuagint Words In The Bible

See also[edit]

  • Alleluia, liturgical chant
  • Alhamdulillah (ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ‎), similar Arabic phrase used by Muslims and by Arabic-speaking Jews and Christians
  • Subhan Allah (سُبْحَانَ ٱللَّٰهِ‎), similar Arabic phrase
  • Allah Akbar (ٱللَّٰهُ أَكْبَرُ‎), similar Arabic phrase

References[edit]

  1. ^ abPage H. Kelley, Biblical Hebrew, an Introductory Grammar, page 169. Ethics & Public Policy Center, 1959. ISBN978-0-8028-0598-0.
  2. ^ abHallelujah, also spelled Alleluia, Encyclopædia Britannica
  3. ^Brown-Driver-Briggs (Hebrew and English Lexicon, page 238)
  4. ^page 403, note on line 1 of Psalm 113, Alter, Robert (2007). The Book of Psalms: A Translation with Commentary. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN978-0-393-06226-7.
  5. ^ abcdefWoods, F. H. (1902). 'Hallelujah'. In James Hastings (ed.). A Dictionary of the Bible. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 287.
  6. ^ abcScott Nash, 'Hallelujah' in Mercer Dictionary of the Bible (Mercer University Press 1990 ISBN978-0-86554373-7), p. 355
  7. ^ abAlter, Robert (2007). The Book of Psalms: A Translation with Commentary. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN978-0-393-06226-7.
  8. ^Andrew McGowan, 'Alleluia' in The New Scm Dictionary of Liturgy and Worship (Hymns Ancient & Modern 2002 ISBN978-0-33402883-3), p. 6
  9. ^ Psalm 104:35; 105:45; 106:1, 48; 111:1; 112:1; 113:1, 9; 115:18; 116:19; 117:2; 135:1, 3, 21; 146:1, 10; 147:1, 20; 148:1, 14; 149:1, 9; 150:1, 6.
  10. ^George Fohrer. Hebrew and Aramaic Dictionary of the Old Testament, under הלל. Walter de Gruyter, 1973. ISBN978-3-11-004572-7.
  11. ^Joseph Samuel C.F. Frey, A Hebrew, Latin, and English dictionary, 1815, entry for הלל on page 254
  12. ^Harris, Stephen L. Understanding the Bible: a reader's introduction, 2nd ed. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. page 21.
  13. ^All quotes from the Hebrew are taken from Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, EDITIO FUNDITUS RENOVATA, cooperantibus H. P. Ruger et J. Ziegler ediderunt K. Elliger et W. Rudolph, Textum Masoreticum curavit H. P. Ruger MASORAM ELABORAVIT G. E. WEIL, Editio quinta emendata opera A. Schenker, Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft.
  14. ^'Do You Know God by Name?' watchtower.org. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
  15. ^Variants of 'Hallelujah' in this context are 'Hallelujah (praise the Lord)' in the Amplified Bible and 'Halleluyah' in Complete Jewish Bible
  16. ^King James Version and its recent revisions, the 21st Century King James Version and the New King James Version, the Douay-Rheims Bible, the Knox Version, the New Jerusalem Bible, the Phillips New Testament, Wycliffe's Bible, and Young's Literal Translation.
  17. ^Contemporary English Version, New Living Translation (LORD)
  18. ^Good News Translation
  19. ^Worldwide English (New Testament)
  20. ^New Life Version
  21. ^Zuckermann, Ghil'ad (2003), Language Contact and Lexical Enrichment in Israeli Hebrew. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN9781403917232 / ISBN9781403938695[1]
  22. ^David E. Garland, Psalms, Volume 5 of The Expositor's Bible Commentary, page 62.
  23. ^Shabbat 118b, Sefaria
  24. ^Scott-Martin Kosofsky, The Book of Customs, Harper San Francisco, 2004; pages 25-26.
  25. ^Elie Munk, The World of Prayer, Vol. 2, Revised ed., Feldheim, Jerusalem, 2007; pages 129-133.
  26. ^Scott-Martin Kosofsky, The Book of Customs, Harper San Francisco, 2004; page 33.
  27. ^At Pipe Organ Pizza, a pipeline for prayers, Milwaukee Journal, July 12, 1981
  28. ^Hallelujah definition in Macmillan Dictionary

External links[edit]

  • The dictionary definition of hallelujah at Wiktionary
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hallelujah&oldid=993751110'

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